Amoxicillin vs Ampicillin
AmoxicillinAmpicillin
Penicillin antibioticDrug classPenicillin antibiotic
Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, causing cell deathMechanism of ActionInhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis, causing cell death
Oral, intravenous, or intramuscularAdministrationOral, intravenous, or intramuscular
Capsules, tablets, chewable tablets, oral suspension, IVDosage FormsCapsules, tablets, oral suspension, IV
Better absorbed orally than AmpicillinAbsorptionLess well absorbed orally than Amoxicillin
Broad-spectrum; effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Streptococcus, Haemophilus, and E. coliSpectrum of ActivityBroad-spectrum; effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and some strains of E. coli
Respiratory tract infections, sinusitis, skin infections, UTIs, ear infectionsPrimary UsesRespiratory tract infections, gastrointestinal infections, meningitis, endocarditis
Susceptible to beta-lactamase producing bacteria, often combined with clavulanic acid to combat resistanceResistanceSusceptible to beta-lactamase producing bacteria; may be combined with sulbactam
Diarrhea, nausea, rash, allergic reactions, headache, vaginal yeast infectionSide EffectsDiarrhea, nausea, rash, allergic reactions, injection site reactions
Category B (no proven risk in humans)Pregnancy CategoryCategory B (no proven risk in humans)
Allergy to penicillins, cephalosporins, or beta-lactamsContraindicationsAllergy to penicillins, cephalosporins, or beta-lactams
1-1.5 hoursHalf-Life1-1.5 hours
Primarily renalExcretionPrimarily renal
May interact with allopurinol, oral contraceptives, methotrexate, and warfarinDrug InteractionsMay interact with allopurinol, oral contraceptives, methotrexate, and warfarin
Approved, with adjusted dosing based on age and weightPediatric UseApproved, with adjusted dosing based on age and weight
Generally affordable, varies based on region and formulationCostGenerally affordable, varies based on region and formulation
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