COVID-19 VS Allergies
AllergiesCOVID-19
Sneezing, runny nose, itchy eyes, nasal congestion, hives, or skin rashCommon Symptoms TreatedFever, cough, sore throat, body aches, shortness of breath, fatigue, loss of taste or smell
Antihistamines, decongestants, nasal corticosteroids, leukotriene modifiersMedication TypeAntiviral drugs, fever reducers, cough suppressants, corticosteroids (severe cases), monoclonal antibodies (severe/high-risk cases)
- Antihistamines: Cetirizine, Loratadine, Fexofenadine - Decongestants: Pseudoephedrine, Oxymetazoline - Steroids: FluticasoneExamples of Drugs- Antivirals: Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir), Remdesivir - Fever reducers: Acetaminophen, Ibuprofen - Steroids: Dexamethasone
Block histamine receptors, reduce inflammation in nasal passagesHow They WorkAntivirals inhibit virus replication; fever reducers manage inflammation; monoclonal antibodies neutralize the virus
Often available OTC (over-the-counter); some require prescriptionsPrescription RequiredMost require prescriptions, especially antivirals and monoclonal antibodies
Long-term for seasonal allergies; short-term for acute symptomsDuration of UseShort-term (typically 5–10 days for antivirals or symptom relief during illness)
Varies; antihistamines suitable for children (age-specific dosages)Age RestrictionsAntivirals generally approved for adults; some drugs are approved for children based on weight and age
Drowsiness, dry mouth, dizziness (antihistamines); nasal irritation (sprays)Side EffectsNausea, diarrhea, fatigue, headache, or rare allergic reactions (antivirals); steroids may cause increased blood sugar levels
Loratadine and Cetirizine considered safer optionsPregnancy UseLimited data for some drugs; acetaminophen for fever is generally safe; antivirals like Paxlovid are evaluated case by case
Widely available at pharmaciesAvailabilityLimited availability for antivirals and monoclonal antibodies; depends on region and severity
Minimal; OTC drugs require basic dosing adherenceUsage MonitoringRequires careful monitoring of kidney/liver function for antivirals and oxygen levels for severe cases
Minimal with OTC drugs; check labels for interactionsDrug InteractionsSignificant, especially with Paxlovid (interaction with many medications); requires physician review
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